This model is appropriate when the concentrations of the secondary phases are dilute. In this case, interparticle collisions are negligible and the dominant process in the random motion of the secondary phases is the influence of the primaryphase turbulence. Fluctuating quantities of the secondary phases can therefore be given in terms of the mean characteristics of the primary phase and the ratio of the particle relaxation time and eddy-particle interaction time.
Turbulence in the continuous phase is described by:
- a modified k-ε model,
- the influence of the dispersed phase on the continuous phase q, and
- the production of turbulent kinetic energy
- For the turbulence quantities of the dispersed phase user can use Mr. 'X' approach (for e.g. Muehlbauer, P 2004 use Simonin, Viollet (1990) approach).
Think that 1st phase=gas, air, and 2nd phase=particles, water,
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